When it comes to space helmets, there's one rule: you keep your helmet on. But there might be a couple of places in the Solar System where y...
When it comes to space helmets, there's one rule: you keep your helmet on. But there might be a couple of places in the Solar System where you can take your helmet off, just for a few moments, and not die instantly.nnMechadense's YouTube comment: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4g591h49HE&lc=z12kfhxxqpjuwber504cjruikl2bxduxeok0knnSupport us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetodaynMore stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/nFollow us on Twitter: @universetodaynFollow us on Tumblr: http://universetoday.tumblr.com/nLike us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetodaynGoogle+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/nInstagram - http://instagram.com/universetodaynnTeam: Fraser Cain - @fcainnJason Harmer - @jasoncharmernChad Weber - weber.chad@gmail.comnnCreated by: Fraser Cain and Jason HarmernEdited by: Chad WebernMusic: Left Spine Down - “X-Ray”nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tcoZNrSveEnnIt’s been a while since I read the NASA manual on space helmet operation, but if I recall correctly, they really just have one major rule. n nWhen you go to space, keep your space helmet on. nnI don’t care what haunting music those beguiling space sirens are playing. It doesn’t matter if you’ve got a serious case of space madness, and you’re hallucinating that you’re back on your Iowa farm, surrounded by your loved ones. Even if you just turned on an ancient terraforming machine and you’re stumbling around the surface of Mars like an idiot. You keep your helmet on.nnNot convinced? Well then, allow me to explain what happens if you decide to break that rule. Without a helmet, and your own personal Earth-like atmosphere surrounding you, you’ll be exposed to the hard vacuum of space.nnWithin a moment, all the air will rush out of your lungs, and then you’ll fall unconscious in about 45 seconds. Starved for oxygen, you’ll die of suffocation in just a couple of minutes. Then you’ll freeze solid and float about forever. Just another meat asteroid in the Solar System.nnThat’s the official stance on space helmet operation, but just between you and me, there might be a little wiggle room. A few other places in the Solar System where you can take your helmet off for just a moment, and maybe not die instantaneously.nnEarth is obviously safe. If you’re down here on the planet, and you’re still wearing your helmet, you’re missing the whole point of why you need a helmet in the first place. That space helmet rule only applies to space, silly, you can take it off down here.nnIn order to survive, the human body needs a few things. First, we need pressure surrounding our body, and helping to keep our lungs inflated. The Earth’s atmosphere provides that service, stacking a huge column of air down on top of you. nnWithout enough pressure, the air will blast out of your lungs and you’ll suffocate. Too much pressure and your lungs will crush and your heart will give out.nnYou’re going to want atmospheric pressure somewhere between .5 to 5 times the atmosphere of Earth. nnIf you can’t find air, then some other gas or even water will do in a pinch. You can’t breathe it, but it can provide the pressure you’re looking for.nnIf you’ve got the pressure right, then your next priority will be the temperature. You know what it’s like to be too cold on Earth, and too hot, so use your judgement here. It’s too cold if you’re starting to die of hypothermia, and too hot if you’re above 60 C for a few minutes. nnIf you really want to thrive, find air you can breathe. Ideally a nice mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. Again, here on Earth, that column of air pushing down on you also allows you to breathe. If you swapped air for carbon dioxide or water, you’re going to need to hold your breath.nnSo what are some other places in the Solar System that you could take your helmet off for a few brief moments?nnYour best bet is the planet Venus. Not down at the surface, where the temperature is hot enough to melt lead, and it’s 90 atmospheres pressure. nnBut up in the cloud tops, it’s a whole different story. At 52.5 kilometers altitude, the temperature is about 37 C. A little stifling, but not too bad. And the air pressure is about 65% Earth’s air pressure. nnThe problem is that this region is right in the middle of Venus’ sulphuric acid cloud layer, so you might inhale a mist of toxic acid if you tried to breathe. Not to mention the fact that Venus’ atmosphere is carbon dioxide, which means you’ll asphyxiate if you tried to breathe it.nnBut assuming you had some kind of air supply to breathe, and a suit to protect you from the sulphuric acid, you could hang around, without a helmet as long as you liked. nnTake that! Overly draconian NASA helmet rules. Less
